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Chapter 13 Identify

Causal effects

13.1 Experiments

Randomized experiments and experimental data

13.2 Matching and Balancing

Propensity-score matching, weighting, and balancing

13.3 Difference-in-Differences

Comparing changes across groups and time

13.4 Discontinuities

Regression discontinuity designs

13.5 Instruments

Instrumental-variable methods